Centrifugal Pump
A centrifugal pump is a rotodynamic pump that transfers energy to a liquid through a rotating impeller. Liquid enters the impeller eye axially, is accelerated outward by the vanes, and the resulting velocity is converted to pressure in a volute or diffuser casing. Flow varies with system resistance along the pump's head–capacity curve, making it suited to large, steady flows of low- to medium-viscosity liquids. It is the most common pump type in water supply, process plants, HVAC, cooling water and oil and gas services. Key selection parameters include rated flow, total dynamic head, NPSH required versus NPSH available, liquid viscosity and temperature, materials of construction and shaft sealing arrangement. Common standards include API 610 for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, ISO 5199 for chemical process pumps, and ASME B73.1 for horizontal end-suction chemical process pumps.
Examples
- End-suction pump for cooling water circulation
- API 610 OH2 process pump for hydrocarbon transfer
- Split-case pump for municipal water supply